A surface grinding machine is a precision machining tool that uses a grinding wheel to remove material from a workpiece's surface, achieving a smooth, flat, and precise finish. The machine typically consists of a grinding wheel, a work table (either reciprocating or rotary), and a chuck to hold the workpiece.
The four main types of grinding machines are: surface grinders, cylindrical grinders, tool and cutter grinders, and centerless grinders. These machines are designed to perform specific grinding operations, such as creating flat surfaces, cylindrical shapes, or sharpening tools.